By Drew Powell
Patience is a word often thrown around in our game. Perhaps no situation tries our patience as much as the couple of weeks after greens have been aerated. As golfers, we know punching those tiny holes and filling them with sand is a necessary evil, but do we really know why it’s necessary?

To better understand this essential practice, we talked to Phil Cuffare, the Director of Agronomy at Oakland Hills Country Club in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. Cuffare is tasked with maintaining championship-level conditions at both courses at Oakland Hills, including the famed South Course, which has hosted six US Opens (as well as three PGA Championships and the 2004 Ryder Cup).

“The main reason is organic matter build-up,” Cuffare says about the need to aerate greens. According to Cuffare, a layer of organic matter — consisting of decaying roots, grass stems and other plant material — tends to build up over time where the grass stems meet the soil. When that layer gets too thick, water gets trapped at the surface, causing greens to be too soft. Additionally, excessive organic matter buildup can prevent root growth and reduce oxygen levels in the soil.

“What it does is it allows water infiltration and oxygen, so you get a healthier plant,” Cuffare says of aeration. “You get a tighter plant. And then the water is not being held up in the inch or two or three in the profile, so that top two or three inches can get drier and firmer, faster.”

Courtesy of the USGA

Dry, firm and fast greens are all part of the laundry list of expectations that we place on our superintendents. But without aeration and healthy greens, those conditions are not achievable, Cuffare says.

“You want greens that are rolling 12, 13 or 14 [on the stimpmeter] on a daily basis with rock hard conditions?” he says. “Well, you have to have a healthy plant to do that. You can’t perform to those standards and expectations with an unhealthy turf plant.”

Even knowing that maintaining proper turf health requires regular aeration, we often agonise over its timing. The dreaded punching and subsequent sanding — which Cuffare says provides a channel for roots to travel and fills the holes with new, healthy material — often comes as the greens are reaching their peak condition.

“I would argue just as the greens are getting good, we’re aerifying them,” says Cuffare, who notes that Oakland Hills — set to host the US Open in 2034 and 2051 — typically follows a mid-April and early-October aeration schedule. Though the timing can aggravate golfers, Cuffare says that the good weather that produced the smooth greens in the first place is the same weather needed for greens to promptly heal after aeration.

“I’d say it’s two to three weeks, in that typical timeframe,” he says of how quickly greens will fully recover after aeration. “The springtime aerification can take a little longer just because of the inconsistency in weather. Typically, we see a fall aerification heal right along because the soil temperatures are already elevated.”

Those two or three weeks of healing in the spring and autumn, we know, can be the most frustrating times of the season for golfers. Despite our common critiques as putt after putt gets knocked off line, aeration is unavoidable, Cuffare says. In fact, he believes it’s the most important practice when caring for greens.

“Yeah, absolutely. 100 per cent,” he says of whether aeration reigns supreme. “The single-most important component to growing grass is oxygen. It’s just like for humans, the anatomy of a grass plant is the same as the anatomy of a human, right? If I cut off your O2, what happens?”

It’s an analogy that may help us be a little more patient as we wait for our punched greens to recover. If it’s any consolation, not only is aeration a necessary evil for golfers, but Cuffare says it’s a practice that superintendents take little satisfaction in, too.

“We absolutely hate doing it because it usually requires very long days,” he says of superintendents punching greens. “We work long days as it is, but it’s brutal. I would say the only time I enjoy aerification is when I know that we’re in desperate need of it, and we’re rehabilitating some stuff. I enjoy the benefits of it. We’re in the people-pleasing business, we don’t want to dissatisfy people.”

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By Dave Shedloski
Looking far into the future while also keeping in mind the proud past at Oakland Hills Country Club, the USGA on Tuesday announced a strategic partnership with the iconic Detroit-area facility that features a slate of eight championships, including the U.S. Open in 2034 and 2051. The latter marks the 100-year anniversary of Ben Hogan’s Open triumph on the South Course that he famously called “this monster.”

That the USGA held the press conference at nearby Detroit Athletic Club speaks to Oakland Hills’ challenging present circumstances after a fire on Feb. 17 destroyed its sprawling neo-colonial clubhouse, causing damages estimated at $80 million. The news of additional USGA events slated for one of America’s foremost championship venues couldn’t have come at a better time, and it enhances the USGA commitment to Oakland Hills after revealing in January that it was awarding the club the 2031 and 2042 U.S. Women’s Open.

Oakmont Country Club in Pennsylvania, which has hosted the most USGA championships, was scheduled to host the 2034 U.S. Open but instead will host the 2033 edition.

“This is a testament to our relationship with Oakland Hills and the incredible history that we share together,” said John Bodenhamer, USGA chief championships officer. “Given the breadth of these championships today, it’s just remarkable. Given everything the club has been through in the last few weeks, we are honoured they wanted to move forward with this announcement and this run of championships in the years that we originally discussed. It’s quite amazing.

“The USGA believes that our venues differentiate our championships from all others,” Bodenhamer, who referred to Oakland Hills as one of “the cathedrals of golf.”

“Does it matter where a player wins his or her USGA championship? It does matter where they win,” he said.

“I think the fact that this is what makes major championships so beautiful, that you get the chance to go back,” said Andy North, who won the second of his two U.S. Open titles at Oakland Hills in 1985. “If you look at our major championships, the Masters is so unique because it’s played on the same golf course every year, but I think the fact that the other three majors have to have an identity of also playing wonderful facilities. You can remember the last time it was there. … You remember great shots by players.”

The USGA also awarded Oakland Hills four amateur tournaments: the 2024 U.S. Junior Amateur, 2029 U.S. Women’s Amateur, 2038 U.S. Girls’ Junior Amateur and 2047 U.S. Amateur. It last hosted a national championship in 2016 when Curtis Luck won the U.S. Amateur.

Club president Rick Palmer fought back emotions in celebrating the 29-year relationship between the USGA and Oakland Hills. “It really is a great way to end what’s been kind of an emotional month for us,” he said. “It comes to mind, I’m pretty humbled today, I kind of feel like the offensive lineman that recovered a fumble in the end zone, and the referee blew a whistle and said, ‘Hey, we won the game.’”

The USGA’s extensive commitment to Oakland Hills not only reflects its appreciation for the club’s historic role in championship golf, but also for the recent upgrade of its South Course overseen by architect Gil Hanse. The South Course was closed in 2020 and early 2021 for the $12 million restoration of the layout originally designed by Donald Ross. Robert Trent Jones redesigned it prior to the 1951 U.S. Open that saw Hogan win his second straight national title with a final-round 67 and seven-over 287 total and remark afterward that “I’m glad that I brought this course—this monster—to its knees.”

“I think we’ve got a golf course that will be an appropriate challenge even in this day and age,” said Hanse, who with his design partner Jim Wagner sought to make the South Course represent Ross’s original work. “We looked at what can we do, through the prism of looking at Donald Ross and the original design, to create first and foremost a great golfing experience for the membership, and then secondly look at what it takes to host a major championship at this point in time. We really tried the best that we possibly to put back what Donald Ross had created.”

Opened in 1918, the club, located north of Detroit in Bloomfield Hills, has hosted 11 USGA championships, starting with the 1924 U.S. Open. The 2034 championship will end a 38-year hiatus since its last Open in 1996, won by Steve Jones. In all, Oakland Hills has played host to six U.S. Opens. Three PGA Championships and the 2004 Ryder Cup also have been contested on the South Course.

As for the clubhouse, membership already has voted to rebuild an exact replica of the 90,000 square-foot structure that was modelled after George Washington’s Mount Vernon estate at an estimated cost of $50 million. It is expected to be completed by 2024, but perhaps not in time for the U.S. Junior. The USGA gave the club the option to defer that championship to another year, but Oakland Hills declined the offer.

“Our members said not only are we ready, we need it,” Palmer said.

The agreement between the USGA and Oakland Hills, which Bodenhamer said was five years in the making, was completed before the announcement in January that the club would host two U.S. Women’s Opens. “I think for us, for this partnership to be really a partnership, you’re in it thick and thin, and we’ll be there in the long term for Oakland Hills Country Club,” said Bodenhamer, who reiterated that the history of the club was a central tenet to the USGA’s commitment.

Among the champions, including Hogan and North, crowned at Oakland Hills are Arnold Palmer, Jack Nicklaus, Gary Player, Glenna Collett-Vare and Gene Littler. Padraig Harrington won the last major held on the South Course, the 2008 PGA Championship.

“Those special moments from the past, whether they’re Hogan or Palmer or Nicklaus, those are special moments, and those ghosts of the past do matter to the players,” Bodenhamer said. “They want to win where those special moments have been created. It makes their championship win, whether an Open or an Amateur, that much more special. And those ghosts wander the property here at Oakland Hills Country Club, and we look forward to making more memories.”

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By Ryan Herrington
Officials at Oakland Hills Country Club, hopeful about becoming a U.S. Open host once again with a USGA press conference scheduled for next week at the nearby Detroit Athletic Club, learned on Thursday more details about the Feb. 17 fire that destroyed their nearly 100-year-old clubhouse.

Local authorities say evidence from an ongoing investigation points to a propane torch used by construction workers as the cause.

Bloomfield Township Fire Chief John LeRoy spoke at a news conference on Thursday and described surveillance camera footage that showed the workers using the torch to install rubberized flashing during a rebuild of a patio on the east side of the clubhouse. LeRoy said the heat from the flame dries the flashing in the cold weather. The workers eventually saw smoke coming from the wall and attempted to use a hose put it out.

Firefighters were called to the scene, and when they arrived and took an axe to the wall, flames burst out. The fire spread through the walls and into the attic, eventually engulfing much of the 90,000-square-foot building. It took almost a day to get the entirety of the fire extinguished. Firefighters on the scene the day of the blaze took propane tanks, a heater and a torch from the building as evidence, according to the Detroit Free Press.

No one was injured but the building suffered $80 million in damage, according to Oakland County Sheriff Michael Bouchard. The Oakland Hills Country Club board has voted to build a replica of the building.

After the fire, it was unclear how it might impact the club’s attempt to bring a seventh U.S. Open to Oakland Hills. The club has been lobbying the USGA, targeting the next two open spots on the U.S. Open calendar in 2028 and 2031. It appears the efforts have paid off as the USGA is planning a “major USGA championship announcement” for March 22 at the Detroit Athletic Club with John Bodenhamer, USGA chief championships officer, and Andy North, winner of the 1985 U.S. Open at Oakland Hills, in attendance.

Last fall, Oakland Hills, which boasts two courses, completed a $12 million renovation to its South Course, overseen by Gil Hanse, with the purpose of returning as a venue for golf’s biggest events. Beyond the U.S. Open, Oakland Hills had previously hosted three PGA Championships, two U.S. Amateurs, two U.S. Senior Opens and a Ryder Cup. The last U.S. Open held at Oakland Hills, however, was back in 1996, and the major championship was the 2008 PGA.

In January, the USGA announced that Oakland Hills had been named host for the 2031 and 2042 U.S. Women’s Opens.

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By Mike Stachura
While the structural damage caused by the fire that tore through the venerable clubhouse at Oakland Hills Country Club was devastating, so too was the human cost. No lives were lost fortunately, but many who work at the club and have for years or in some case decades will be without a job for a significant period of time as the club rebuilds.

In that light, ClubsHelp, the philanthropic arm of the National Club Association, is stepping in to create an opportunity to support those at the club impacted by the fire.

Henry Wallmeyer, president and CEO of the NCA, the national advocacy and educational organization that supports the private club industry, stated “the club’s dedicated staff is facing a devastating situation and needs our community’s help.”

ClubsHelp was created in 2020 as a 501(c)(3) charitable foundation for club employees at the start of the Covid-19 pandemic. It is launching an Employee Assistance Fund for Oakland Hills, which will be fueled by donations raised at the ClubsHelp website. ClubsHelp has made an initial $5,000 donation, and will match donations for the first $15,000. The fundraising goal is $250,000.

The fire at the club on Wednesday is expected to be nearly a total loss, but according to reports fire fighters, workers and members formed a chain gang of sorts to save some of the club’s vast collection of golf history and memorabilia. A report from WXYZ said two women who worked at the club since 1977 were standing outside the fire, embracing and in tears. “That is my home burning,” one said. “Everyone who works there is family. That is our home.”

The NCA’s Wallmeyer urged the NCA’s 500 members to make donations in an email sent out Saturday afternoon.

“ClubsHelp and NCA rely on the powerful network of golf course owners, club managers, golf course architects and golf professionals, members, and corporate partners to help,” Wallmeyer said. “I know our community will be there to support them now.”

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By Stephen Hennessey
Oakland Hills Country Club’s South course will be the latest to undergo a significant renovation by Gil Hanse’s design team, a news release confirmed on Friday, as work will begin in the fall of 2019 to restore this Donald Ross gem, ranked No. 17 on Golf Digest’s most recent 100 Greatest rankings. The South Course will be closed through 2020 and will re-open in Spring 2021.

The South Course most recently hosted the 2016 U.S. Amateur, adding to the club’s impressive major championship history, which includes six U.S. Opens, three PGA Championships, the 2004 Ryder Cup, two U.S. Amateurs, a U.S. Women’s Amateur and two U.S. Senior Opens. Rees Jones helped the club with a restoration project in 2006, but this will be the South Course’s most significant renovation since, in the hopes of hosting more majors.

Oakland Hills joins a growing list of prestigious championship venues that Hanse and his team have worked at recently, with Merion East currently also closed for major renovation work. Winged Foot Golf Club’s West and East courses have also been worked on by Hanse over the past five years, in preparation of the West course hosting the 2020 U.S. Open. Hanse has also worked at Aronimink Country Club, which will host the 2018 BMW Championship; Ridgewood Country Club, host of the 2018 Northern Trust Open; Los Angeles Country Club’s North course; Pinehurst No. 4; and Sleepy Hollow, among others. The designer of the Rio Olympics course also saw his Streamsong Black open in September 2017 to accompany courses at the resort by Bill Coore and Tom Doak, and the Ohoopee Match Club, a private club in Georgia, opened in 2018.

Courtesy of Oakland Hills

According to the release, Hanse’s work will include extending greens to reclaim pin positions on the famous Ross greens, extending the championship yardage to 7,500 yards and installation of green subsurfaces in the hopes of significantly improving drainage.

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